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Comparative study on the efficiency and environmental impact of two methods of utilizing polyvinyl chloride

WU Yuehui,WANG Guoliang,WANG Zhen,LIU Yi,GU Ping,SUN Dezhi

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 451-462 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0614-0

Abstract: Two processes of utilizing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waste, an incineration process and a vacuum pyrolysis

Keywords： polyvinyl chloride waste     utilization     incineration process     vacuum pyrolysis process     life cycle assessment    

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Progress on cleaner production of vinyl chloride monomers over non-mercury catalysts

Jinli ZHANG, Nan LIU, Wei LI, Bin DAI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 514-520 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1114-z

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has become the third most used plastic after polyethylene and polypropylenePolyvinyl chloride is produced by polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), which is manufacturedHowever, the industrial production of VCM utilizes a mercuric chloride catalyst to promote the reactionof acetylene and hydrogen chloride.During the hydrochlorination, the highly toxic mercuric chloride tends to sublime, resulting in the deactivation

Keywords： polyvinyl chloride     vinyl chloride monomer     acetylene hydrochlorination     non-mercury catalysts     green chemical    

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Using crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol polymer membrane as a separator in the microbial fuel cell

Yanping HOU, Kaiming LI, Haiping LUO, Guangli LIU, Renduo ZHANG, Bangyu QIN, Shanshan CHEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 137-143 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0534-z

Abstract: In this study we used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer membrane crosslinked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA

Keywords： microbial fuel cell     crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane     separator material     power generation    

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Degradation of bisphenol A by microorganisms immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol microspheres

Xue BAI, Hanchang SHI, Zhengfang YE, Qiujin SUN, Qing WANG, Zhongyou WANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 6,   Pages 844-850 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0487-2

Abstract: In this study, microorganisms (named B111) were immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol microspheres prepared

Keywords： bisphenol A     polyvinyl alcohol     immobilized microorganisms     4-hydroxybenzaldehyde    

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Artificial muscles for wearable assistance and rehabilitation Review

Tian-yun DONG, Xiang-liang ZHANG, Tao LIU

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018, Volume 19, Issue 11,   Pages 1303-1315 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800618

Abstract: Among these materials, dielectric elastomer (DE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel exhibit considerable

Keywords： Artificial muscle     Smart material     Dielectric elastomers (DE)     Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel     Actuator     Wearable    

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Insight of chemical environmental risk and its management from the vinyl chloride accident

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1652-x

Abstract: The combustion of vinyl chloride (VC) after the train derailment accident in Ohio, USA in February, 2023

Keywords： Vinyl chloride     Combustion     Chemical safety management     Environmental risk     Emerging contaminants    

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Evaluating effect of chloride attack and concrete cover on the probability of corrosion

Sanjeev Kumar VERMA, Sudhir Singh BHADAURIA, Saleem AKHTAR

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 379-390 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0223-9

Abstract: recently performed chlorination studies, and from results of a field survey evaluates the effect of chloridecontent on the probability of corrosion and the influence of concrete compressive strength on the chloridecontent and penetration, also evaluates the effect of concrete cover over the chloride content of the

Keywords： concrete     chloride     reinforcement     corrosion     deterioration     cover    

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Chloride binding and time-dependent surface chloride content models for fly ash concrete

S. MUTHULINGAM,B. N. RAO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 112-120 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0322-x

Abstract: embedded rebars is a classical deterioration mechanism of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chlorideChloride ingress into concrete, essential for inducing rebar corrosion, is a complex interaction betweenchloride content under tidal exposure condition; and 2) chloride binding.First, inconsistencies in surface chloride content and chloride binding models reported in literatureSecondly, to avoid such inconsistencies, surface chloride content and chloride binding models for fly

Keywords： binding isotherms     chloride ingress     concrete     fly ash     surface chloride content    

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On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

Frontiers in Energy 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 181-184 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0065-2

Abstract: A calcium chloride solution with a different extender, which is made up of either pure calcium chloride, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, or calcium chloride with activated carbon, acts differentlyThe mass ratio between calcium chloride with expanded graphite or activated carbon is almost 4∶, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, and calcium chloride with activated carbon, the strongest, the weakest oxidation creation happened in the solution of calcium chloride with activated carbon,

Keywords： stainless steel     corrosion     calcium chloride     expanded graphite     activated carbon     oxidation creation     pitting    

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Green process to recover magnesium chloride from residue solution of potassium chloride production plant

WANG Lin, HE Yunliang, WANG Yanfei, BAO Ying, WANG Jingkang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 385-389 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0079-z

Abstract: The green process to recover magnesium chloride from the residue solution of a potassium chloride productionThe residue solution contains magnesium chloride above 25 wt-%, potassium chloride and sodium chlorideremoval operation and the two-stage evaporation-cooling crystallization procedure to produce magnesium chlorideThe crystallized impurity carnallite obtained from the first step is recycled to the potassium chlorideThe produced magnesium chloride is up to industrial criteria.

Keywords： industrial production     chemical industrial     produced magnesium     chloride production     impurity carnallite    

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Coupled diffusion of chloride and other ions in saturated concrete

Nattapong DAMRONGWIRIYANUPAP, Linyuan LI, Yunping XI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 267-277 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0112-z

Abstract: Corrosion of reinforcing steel due to chloride ions is one of the severe deterioration problems in long-termThe diffusion of chloride ions is associated and strongly affected by other ions in the pore solutionIn this paper, chloride penetration into concrete structures was mathematically characterized by theNernst-Planck equation which considered not only diffusion mechanism of the chloride ions but also ionicThe material models of chloride binding capacity and chloride diffusion coefficient were incorporated

Keywords： diffusion     chloride     concrete     Nernst-Planck equation     durability    

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Long-term durability of onshore coated concrete —chloride ion and carbonation effects

Seyedhamed SADATI,Mehdi K. MORADLLO,Mohammad SHEKARCHI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 150-161 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0341-2

Abstract: Surface chloride ion build-up and variation in chloride ion diffusion were monitored with respect to

Keywords： carbonation     chloride ion     corrosion     service life     surface coating    

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Impacts of climate change on optimal mixture design of blended concrete considering carbonation and chloride

Xiao-Yong WANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2,   Pages 473-486 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0608-5

Abstract: Second, strength, slump, carbonation, and chloride ingress models are used to evaluate concrete propertiesThe effect of different climate change scenarios on carbonation and chloride ingress is considered.

Keywords： ternary blended concrete     climate change     optimal mixture design     carbonation     chloride ingress    

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Decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid by microwave-activated persulfate: Effects of temperature, pH, and chloride

Yuchi LEE, Shanglien LO, Jeff KUO, Chinghong HSIEH

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 17-25 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0371-x

Abstract: The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of pH (pH= 2.5, 6.6, 8.8, and 10.5), chlorideBoth high pH and chloride concentrations would result in more scavenging of sulfate free radicals andWhen chloride concentrations were less than 0.04 mol·L at 90°C and 0.06 mol·L at 60°C, presence ofchloride ions had insignificant impacts on PFOA degradation.beyond these concentration levels, PFOA degradation rates reduced significantly with an increase in chloride

Keywords： microwave     perfluorooctanoic acid     pH     persulfate     chloride ions     perfluorocarboxylic acids    

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Damage on lining concrete in highway tunnels under combined sulfate and chloride attack

Rongrong YIN, Chenchen ZHANG, Qing WU, Baocheng LI, He XIE

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 331-340 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0421-y

Abstract:

The combined effect from sulfate and chloride is one of the important reasons to cause the damageTo investigate the effect of chloride ions on the corrosion of lining concretes under sulfate attack,The ultrasonic results, compression strength and XRD patterns confirmed that the existence of chloridethe lining concretes under sulfate attack, and the depressing effect increased with the content of chlorideThe existence of chloride mainly affected the final degradation stage and obviously decreased the corrosion

Keywords： lining concrete     sulfate     chloride     compression     ultrasonic    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Comparative study on the efficiency and environmental impact of two methods of utilizing polyvinyl chloride

WU Yuehui,WANG Guoliang,WANG Zhen,LIU Yi,GU Ping,SUN Dezhi

Journal Article

Progress on cleaner production of vinyl chloride monomers over non-mercury catalysts

Jinli ZHANG, Nan LIU, Wei LI, Bin DAI

Journal Article

Using crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol polymer membrane as a separator in the microbial fuel cell

Yanping HOU, Kaiming LI, Haiping LUO, Guangli LIU, Renduo ZHANG, Bangyu QIN, Shanshan CHEN

Journal Article

Degradation of bisphenol A by microorganisms immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol microspheres

Xue BAI, Hanchang SHI, Zhengfang YE, Qiujin SUN, Qing WANG, Zhongyou WANG

Journal Article

Artificial muscles for wearable assistance and rehabilitation

Tian-yun DONG, Xiang-liang ZHANG, Tao LIU

Journal Article

Insight of chemical environmental risk and its management from the vinyl chloride accident

Journal Article

Evaluating effect of chloride attack and concrete cover on the probability of corrosion

Sanjeev Kumar VERMA, Sudhir Singh BHADAURIA, Saleem AKHTAR

Journal Article

Chloride binding and time-dependent surface chloride content models for fly ash concrete

S. MUTHULINGAM,B. N. RAO

Journal Article

On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

Journal Article

Green process to recover magnesium chloride from residue solution of potassium chloride production plant

WANG Lin, HE Yunliang, WANG Yanfei, BAO Ying, WANG Jingkang

Journal Article

Coupled diffusion of chloride and other ions in saturated concrete

Nattapong DAMRONGWIRIYANUPAP, Linyuan LI, Yunping XI

Journal Article

Long-term durability of onshore coated concrete —chloride ion and carbonation effects

Seyedhamed SADATI,Mehdi K. MORADLLO,Mohammad SHEKARCHI

Journal Article

Impacts of climate change on optimal mixture design of blended concrete considering carbonation and chloride

Xiao-Yong WANG

Journal Article

Decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid by microwave-activated persulfate: Effects of temperature, pH, and chloride

Yuchi LEE, Shanglien LO, Jeff KUO, Chinghong HSIEH

Journal Article

Damage on lining concrete in highway tunnels under combined sulfate and chloride attack

Rongrong YIN, Chenchen ZHANG, Qing WU, Baocheng LI, He XIE

Journal Article